Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson both championed progressive reforms, but their approaches differed. Roosevelt, a Republican, emphasized strong government intervention to regulate big business, trust-busting, and environmental conservation. He believed in a "Square Deal" that aimed to balance the interests of labor, business, and consumers WHILE Wilson, a Democrat, focused on reforming the economic system through policies like the Federal Reserve Act and the Clayton Antitrust Act, aiming to promote competition and curb monopolies. He also pursued social reforms, including child labor laws and income tax.

The correct response regarding Woodrow Wilson and his cabinet's actions and attitudes toward racial issues is:

They segregated federal employees and largely ignored calls for racial justice from black leaders.

William Howard Taft won the presidency primarily because: Roosevelt urged the Republican party to nominate him as his successor, and he promised to continue the policies Roosevelt had begun.

The role of the third-party candidate, Theodore Roosevelt representing the Progressive Party, was crucial in the outcome of the 1912 election, as he split the Republican vote with incumbent President William Howard Taft. This division allowed the Democratic candidate, Woodrow Wilson, to secure a decisive victory with a significant majority of the electoral votes.