The purpose of the Alien And sedition acts were new powers to deport foreigners as well as making it harder for new immigrants to vote.

As the United States entered the War of 1812, it faced several significant problems. The military was weak, with few trained soldiers and outdated equipment. The country also lacked good infrastructure, making communication and movement of troops difficult. Public opinion was divided, especially in New England, where many opposed the war. Economically, the U.S. was unstable due to disrupted trade and the absence of a national bank. These challenges left the nation poorly prepared to fight the powerful British forces.

Internal improvements are projects undertaken by the federal government designed to enhance the quality and value of public infrastructure, such as roads, harbors and bridges.