Five major volcanic eruptions include Mount Vesuvius (79 AD) in Italy, which buried Pompeii; Krakatoa (1883) in Indonesia, causing tsunamis and global climate effects; Mount St. Helens (1980) in the USA, destroying forests and killing 57 people; Mount Pinatubo (1991) in the Philippines, leading to global cooling and displacement; and Eyjafjallajökull (2010) in Iceland, whose ash cloud disrupted European air travel.